Pieter bruegel

Pieter Bruegel the Elder is the 16th century’s most important Netherlandish draughtsman. His drawings, created during an era of political, social, and religious transformations, conjure up a complex pictorial world: Bruegel reflects upon social conditions in a way that is humorous, down-to-earth, perceptive, and deeply critical while …

Dulle Griet (anglicized as Dull Gret), also known as Mad Meg, is a figure of Flemish folklore who is the subject of a 1563 oil-on-panel by Flemish renaissance artist Pieter Bruegel the Elder. The painting depicts a virago, Dulle Griet, who leads an army of women to pillage Hell, and is currently held and exhibited at the Museum Mayer van den ...Pieter Bruegel, the Elder, (born c. 1525, probably Breda, duchy of Brabant—died Sept. 5/9, 1569, Brussels), Greatest Netherlandish painter of the 16th century. Not much is known of his early life, but in 1551 he set off for Italy, where he produced his earliest signed painting, Landscape with Christ and the Apostles at the Sea of Tiberias ( c ... The following is a list of paintings by the Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painter and printmaker Pieter Bruegel the Elder.These Catalog Numbers correspond to the numbering in Roger Hendrik Marijnissen's book, "Bruegel", with photographs by the Swiss art historian, Max Seidel (New York: Harrison House, 1984). Learn about the painting by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, a genre scene of a winter day in Northern Europe, with hunters, peasants, and a mountainous landscape. Explore the details, the sources, and the symbolism of this masterpiece of the Northern Renaissance.Brueghel el Joven, Pieter. Brussels (Belgium), 1564/65 - Antwerp (Belgium), 1637/38. Born to a family of extraordinary painters, he was the son of Pieter Brueghel the Elder and the brother of Jan Brueghel de Velours. Both he and Jan were trained by their father, and learned watercolor painting from their grandmother, Mayken Verhulst.The Seasons series brings together four small-size panels by Pieter Brueghel the Younger.Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter, were produced in the highly lucrative studio the artist had inherited from his famous father, Pieter Breugel the Elder.The series suggestively illustrates the passage of time and the cycle of life. Spring sets the stage for …David Teniers the Younger, The Painter and His Family, c. 1645, now in the Gemäldegalerie, Berlin. The Brueghel family (/ ˈ b r ɔɪ ɡ əl /, also US: / ˈ b r uː ɡ əl /; Dutch: [ˈbrøːɣəl] ⓘ), also spelled Bruegel or Breughel, is an extended family of Dutch and Flemish painters which played a major role in the development of the art in Brabant and Flanders …

With virtuosity and consistency Bruegel evokes the impression of cold: white, blue-green and brown are the dominant colours. The precise silhouette of the trees, the frozen mill-wheel at the lower right and the icy surface of the snow revealed by the hunters’ footprints blend together to convey the fundamental characteristics of winter. Quit claim deeds can be used to add or remove an individual from the title to property. Often this is used between parents and children or spouses. Quit claim deeds offer no warran...The Harvesters (detail) by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, 1565. The great 16th-century Flemish painter Pieter Bruegel the Elder may be best remembered as one of the pioneers of genre scenes in Renaissance art. However, this master of the ordinary, especially of scenes inspired by peasant life, was steeped in the humanist culture of his era.Pieter Bruegel the Elder was a prominent Dutch painter of the Renaissance era, who is regarded as one of the greatest artists of his time. He came from an influential southern Netherlandish family of artists and chose to focus on landscape and peasant scenes. He broke away from traditional Renaissance art styles by making these subjects …Id. Pieter Bruegel regényes élete. Szerző: Cultura-MTI/ 2019. december 5. csütörtök / Kultúra, Képzőművészet. Elsősorban szatirikus hangvételű és erkölcsi célzatú paraszti életképek művészeként ismerjük – ragadvány neve, a Paraszt Bruegel is ezt tükrözi – a 450 éve, 1569. szeptember 9-én elhunyt idősebb Pieter ...Need an Android app company in Portland, Maine? Read reviews & compare projects by leading Android application developers. Find a company today! Development Most Popular Emerging T...

Need an Android app company in Portland, Maine? Read reviews & compare projects by leading Android application developers. Find a company today! Development Most Popular Emerging T...Jan Pieter Brueghel or Jan Peeter Brueghel (29 August 1628 (baptised) – between 1664 and 1684) was a Flemish painter who specialised in flower still lifes and garland paintings. A scion of the famous Brueghel family of painters, he trained in Antwerp with his father and later worked in Liège, Paris and Italy.The Tower of Babel Pieter Bruegel The Elder 1563 (From the collection of the Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien) Zooming in on the towns in the background, we also get a strong sense of the titanic scale of the Tower— a castle to its right is dwarfed by the base. But Bruegel shows us the seeds of inevitable ruin.Pieter Bruegel, the Elder, (born c. 1525, probably Breda, duchy of Brabant—died Sept. 5/9, 1569, Brussels), Greatest Netherlandish painter of the 16th century. Not much is known of his early life, but in 1551 he set off for Italy, where he produced his earliest signed painting, Landscape with Christ and the Apostles at the Sea of Tiberias ( c ...

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1569. Type. Oil on panel. Dimensions. 70.3 cm × 97 cm (27.7 in × 38 in) Location. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna. Storm at Sea is an oil painting on panel by the Netherlandish Renaissance artist Pieter Bruegel the Elder, painted in c. 1569. It is in the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna .What's a "normal" amount of time to use an exercise machine? If you’re new to going to the gym, we have a whole guide to the basic, possibly embarrassing questions that may come up...Pieter Bruegel starší Biografický portál Pieter Bruegel (alebo Brueghel ) [brechel] starší (* asi 1525 – † 15. september 1569 , Brusel , Belgicko ) bol slávny holandský maliar , zakladateľ dynastie umelcov, ktorej vplyv zasahoval až do 17. storočia .Bruegel ’s monumental composition had several forerunners in Netherlandish painting, but his work became the most famous classic among the Tower of Babel depictions and was frequently copied in many different variations. The sense of scale is provided by the flemish-style port city, which is impressively tiny in comparison to the tower.After Pieter Bruegel (I). A Fool Trying to Hatch an Empty Egg. 1569. pen and brown ink on paper. 17.5 × 17.9 cm (6.8 × 7 in). British Museum, London. etchings and copper engravings [edit] Main category: Engravings after Pieter Bruegel the Elder. Wildemans maskerade. 1566. woodcut print. 27.5 × 41.3 cm ...

The Tower of Babel was the subject of three paintings by Pieter Bruegel the Elder.The first, a miniature painted on ivory, was painted while Bruegel was in Rome and is now lost. The two surviving paintings, often distinguished by the prefix "Great" and "Little", are in the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna and the Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen in …FOREWORD. Pieter Bruegel the Elder is considered to be one of the most important painters of his time. His works were already highly sought after during his own lifetime. His fame continued to grow long after his death in 1569. However, over the centuries, we have been left with very little information about him.The following is a list of paintings by the Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painter and printmaker Pieter Bruegel the Elder. These Catalog Numbers correspond to the numbering in Roger Hendrik Marijnissen's book, "Bruegel", with photographs by the Swiss art historian, Max Seidel (New York: Harrison House, 1984).Pieter Bruegel the Elder was the most significant artist of Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting, a painter and printmaker, known for his landscapes and peasant scenes; he was a pioneer in making both types of subject the focus in large paintings. He was a formative influence on Dutch Golden Age painting and later painting in general in his ...Jan Pieter Brueghel or Jan Peeter Brueghel (29 August 1628 (baptised) – between 1664 and 1684) was a Flemish painter who specialised in flower still lifes and garland paintings. A scion of the famous Brueghel family of painters, he trained in Antwerp with his father and later worked in Liège, Paris and Italy.Jonathan McAloon. To many, Pieter Bruegel the Elder ’s winter landscapes—the first significant scenes of their kind in European art—impart an atmosphere of festivity. Indeed, the Flemish artist’s quaint snow scenes can often be seen on the front of Christmas cards. The figures in the paintings skate on frozen rivers, play early versions ...Shares of GME stock closed lower by 8% ahead of the company's earnings tomorrow. Analyst are expecting YOY revenue growth of 7%. GME stock fans may be getting cold feet ahead of ea...Hunters in the Snow is a classic oil painting from Dutch artist Pieter Bruegel the Elder which featured the stunning landscape of Northern Europe during the 16th century. It is amongst his finest works and features the style typical of his career with complex landscapes combined with portrait figures involving in a variety of activities.Children's Games is an oil-on-panel by Flemish Renaissance artist Pieter Bruegel the Elder, painted in 1560. It is currently held and exhibited at the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna. The entire composition is full of children playing a wide variety of games. Over 90 different games that were played by children at the time have been identified. Pieter Bruegel the Elder was the most significant artist of Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting, a painter and printmaker, known for his landscapes and peasant scenes; he was a pioneer in making both types of subject the focus in large paintings. He was a formative influence on Dutch Golden Age painting and later painting in general in his ...

Pieter Bruegel II, the Younger (born 1564, Brussels [now in Belgium]—died 1638, Antwerp) was a Flemish painter of rustic and religious scenes and of visions of hell or Hades. The eldest son of Pieter Bruegel the Elder, the young Pieter studied first under his grandmother, the miniaturist Maria Verhulst, and then in Antwerp.

A major exhibition open from 23 March – 23 June 2024. Showcasing over 100 exceptional Flemish drawings from the 16th and 17th centuries. From Pieter Bruegel’s remarkable print designs and landscapes and Rubens’s first sketches to heartfelt friendship albums shared between artists, this major exhibition presents drawings from many of the ...The Bruegel family played a major role in the history of Dutch art and also provided an insight into the lives of those in the middle ages. Pieter Bruegel the Elder …“Landscape with the Fall of Icarus,” created by Pieter Bruegel around 1560, is a mythological painting executed in oil on canvas. Placed within the Northern Renaissance art movement, the artwork measures 73.5 by 112 …Pieter Bruegel, the Elder, (born c. 1525, probably Breda, duchy of Brabant—died Sept. 5/9, 1569, Brussels), Greatest Netherlandish painter of the 16th century. Not much is known of his early life, but in 1551 he set off for Italy, where he produced his earliest signed painting, Landscape with Christ and the Apostles at the Sea of Tiberias (c. 1553).The Harvesters (1565) by Pieter Bruegel the Elder The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Thomas P. Campbell, Director of the Metropolitan Museum: "The Metropolitan has tens of thousands of works of art spanning 5,000 years of human creativity, but I think there are certain key pieces that stand out. The Harvesters is one of those pieces that speak to ...Wondering how to start chicken farming? From writing a business plan to marketing, here's everything you need to know. If you buy something through our links, we may earn money fro...Pieter Bruegel the Elder, The Tower of Babel. Pieter Bruegel the Elder, The Tower of Babel. by Dr. Steven Zucker and Dr. Beth Harris. Pieter Bruegel the Elder, The Tower of Babel, 1563, oil on panel, 114 × 155 cm (Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna)

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Learn about the life and career of Pieter Bruegel the Elder, a Dutch artist who pioneered landscape painting in the Renaissance. Discover his famous prints, …Dimensions. 117 cm × 162 cm (46 in × 63.8 in) Location. Museo del Prado, Madrid. The Triumph of Death is an oil panel painting by Pieter Bruegel the Elder painted c. 1562. [1] It has been in the Museo del Prado in Madrid since 1827.Hosting a wine tasting can be a truly memorable experience. Learn how to host a wine tasting. Advertisement Nothing contributes more significantly to your wine experience than tast...The Hunters in the Snow ( Dutch: Jagers in de Sneeuw ), also known as The Return of the Hunters, is a 1565 oil-on-wood painting by Pieter Bruegel the Elder. The Northern …Pieter Bruegel’s Hunters in the Snow offers a bird’s eye view of a world locked in winter that is nevertheless teeming with life, with hunters and their dogs and ice skating peasants and a wheeling crow and the busied preparations for the cold weather. Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Hunters in the Snow (Winter), 1565, oil on wood, 162 x 117 cm ...Pieter Bruegel, the Elder - Flemish Painter, Landscapes, Genre Scenes | Britannica. Home Visual Arts Painting Painters. Artistic evolution and affinities of Pieter Bruegel, the Elder. In addition to a great many drawings and engravings by Bruegel, 45 authenticated paintings from a much larger output now lost have been preserved.Netherlandish Proverbs ( Dutch: Nederlandse Spreekwoorden; also called Flemish Proverbs, The Blue Cloak or The Topsy Turvy World) is a 1559 oil -on-oak- panel painting by Pieter Bruegel the Elder that depicts a scene in which humans and, to a lesser extent, animals and objects, offer literal illustrations of Dutch-language proverbs and idioms.Need an Android app company in Portland, Maine? Read reviews & compare projects by leading Android application developers. Find a company today! Development Most Popular Emerging T... ….

1-20 out of 97 LOAD MORE. List of all 97 artworks by Pieter Bruegel the Elder. Go to Artist page.Bruegel painted The Fight Between Carnival and Lent while living in Antwerp in 1559.At this time, his interest in depicting contemporary communities was on the rise, culminating in some of his most well-known canvases, like Children's Games and The Dutch Proverbs.Like Children's Games, The Fight Between Carnival and Lent is set in a …If the Flemish master Pieter Bruegel the Elder is an unfamiliar name, his work is instantly recognisable. Subscribe to our channel here: https://goo.gl/31Q53...Bruegel’s monumental composition had several forerunners in Netherlandish painting, but his work became the most famous classic among the Tower of Babel depictions and was frequently copied in many different variations. The sense of scale is provided by the flemish-style port city, which is impressively tiny in comparison to the tower.1562. Medium. oil on oak wood panel. Dimensions. 23 cm × 20 cm (9.1 in × 7.9 in) Location. Gemäldegalerie, Berlin State Museums. Two Monkeys or Two Chained Monkeys is a 1562 painting by Dutch and Flemish Renaissance artist Pieter Bruegel the Elder. The work is now in the Gemäldegalerie ( Painting Gallery) of the Berlin State Museums.Google's biggest event of the year is finally here. Google’s biggest event of the year is finally here. The tech community has been eagerly waiting for Google I/O, the search giant...Pieter Bruegel the Elder. The year 2019 marks the 450th anniversary of Pieter Bruegel the Elder's (ca. 1525/1530 - 1569) death. His view on humanity, translated into paintings, drawings and prints takes us back to the second and third quarters of the sixteenth century. His work covers an extensive number of themes: the rustic and folkloric life, epic (winter) … The Hunters in the Snow ( Dutch: Jagers in de Sneeuw ), also known as The Return of the Hunters, is a 1565 oil-on-wood painting by Pieter Bruegel the Elder. The Northern Renaissance work is one of a series of works, five of which still survive, that depict different times of the year. The painting is in the collection of the Kunsthistorisches ... Pieter bruegel, Brēgela glezna "Bābeles tornis". Pīters Brēgels Vecākais ( Pieter Bruegel jeb Brueghel, jeb Breughel, dzimis apm. 1525. Bredā, miris 1569.g. 9.septembrī Briselē ), saukts arī par Zemnieku Brēgelu, bija XVI gs. flāmu gleznotājs, kuru īpaši pazīst prasmīgā zemnieku dzīves un ainavu tēlojuma, kā arī simbolisko gleznu dēļ., Dec 1, 2020 · Pieter Bruegel the Elder’s The Hunters in the Snow is a study of apocalypse. In 1565, the year the painting was completed, as a number of climatologists and historians have noted, Europe was in ... , Pieter Bruegel the Elder, The Dutch Proverbs, 1559, oil on oak, 117 x 163 cm (Gemäldegalerie, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin)Speakers: Dr. Beth Harris, Dr. Stev..., Bruegel’s son, Pieter Bruegel the Younger, later produced a larger copy of this painting, as he did many of his father’s works. This painting has also been alluded to by poets, including Charles Baudelaire and William Carlos Williams, and in the novel “The Parable of the Blind” by German author Gert Hoffman., Pieter Bruegel, the elder; Forest Landscape with Wild Animals, late 16th century Pieter Bruegel, the elder; Related Content. Exhibition Closed Rubens, Rembrandt, and Drawing in the Golden Age, Pieter Bruegel the Elder was the most significant artist of Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting, a painter and printmaker, known for his landscapes and peasant scenes; he was a pioneer in making both types of subject the focus in large paintings. He was a formative influence on Dutch Golden Age painting and later painting in general in his ..., Dec 3, 2018 · If the Flemish master Pieter Bruegel the Elder is an unfamiliar name, his work is instantly recognisable. Subscribe to our channel here: https://goo.gl/31Q53... , Wondering how to start chicken farming? From writing a business plan to marketing, here's everything you need to know. If you buy something through our links, we may earn money fro..., The Tower of Babel Pieter Bruegel The Elder 1563 (From the collection of the Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien) Zooming in on the towns in the background, we also get a strong sense of the titanic scale of the Tower— a castle to its right is dwarfed by the base. But Bruegel shows us the seeds of inevitable ruin., Pieter Brueghel the Younger by Anthony van Dyck. Pieter Brueghel (also Bruegel or Breughel) the Younger (/ ˈ b r ɔɪ ɡ əl /, also US: / ˈ b r uː ɡ əl /; Dutch: [ˈpitər ˈbrøːɣəl] ⓘ; between 23 May and 10 October 1564 – 1637/38) was a Flemish painter known for numerous copies after his father Pieter Bruegel the Elder's work, as well as original compositions and Bruegelian ..., Sep 19, 2018 · Pieter Bruegel the Elder (c. 1525–1569) was a Netherlandish Renaissance painter who, originally from Brabant, resided in Brussels during the last six years of his life. . His reputation as one of the greatest of all Netherlandish Renaissance painters is justified as his paintings give an insight into man’s relationship to natu , Sep 4, 2020 · File:Pieter Bruegel the Elder - The Hunters in the Snow (detail) - WGA3436.jpg; File:Pieter Bruegel the Elder - The Hunters in the Snow (detail) - WGA3437.jpg; File:Pieter Bruegel the Elder - The Return of the Herd (November) - WGA3456.jpg; File:Pieter Bruegel the Elder - The Return of the Herd (detail) - WGA3457.jpg , The Harvesters (1565) by Pieter Bruegel the Elder The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Thomas P. Campbell, Director of the Metropolitan Museum: "The Metropolitan has tens of thousands of works of art spanning 5,000 years of human creativity, but I think there are certain key pieces that stand out. The Harvesters is one of those pieces that speak to ..., Pieter Bruegel the Elder 1565. The Metropolitan Museum of Art New York City, United States. This panel is part of a series showing the seasons or times of the year, commissioned from Bruegel by the Antwerp merchant Niclaes Jongelinck. The series included six works, five of which survive., Pieter Bruegel I (ca. 1525–1569), commonly known as Pieter Bruegel the Elder, was the greatest member of a large and important southern Netherlandish family of artists active for four generations in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. A longtime resident of Antwerp, the center of publishing in the Netherlands and a vibrant commercial ..., From themed restaurants to the best pizza in the city, here are TPG's recommendations for some of the best NYC restaurants for families. Update: Some offers mentioned below are no ..., Bruegel’s painting depicts the moment Icarus fell. Landscape with the Fall of Icarus (c. 1558) by Pieter Bruegel the Elder; Pieter Brueghel the Elder, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. When we view the painting, we might wonder where Icarus is portrayed because we are met with an entire scene of everyday life., After Bosch died, Pieter Bruegel the Elder and other artists made copies of his paintings and produced new works that imitated his style. Some modern scholars believe Bosch's art was an expression of his disturbed mental state, while others think it was inspired by witchcraft or alchemy (science devoted to turning base metal into gold) and astrology …, Should you get a garage or carport? Each has its pros and cons. Expert Advice On Improving Your Home Videos Latest View All Guides Latest View All Radio Show Latest View All Podcas..., Pieter Bruegel the Elder was the most significant artist of Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting, a painter and printmaker, known for his landscapes and peasant scenes; he was a pioneer in making both types of subject the focus in large paintings. He was a formative influence on Dutch Golden Age painting and later painting in general in his ..., Netherlandish Proverbs ( Dutch: Nederlandse Spreekwoorden; also called Flemish Proverbs, The Blue Cloak or The Topsy Turvy World) is a 1559 oil -on-oak- panel painting by Pieter Bruegel the Elder that depicts a scene in which humans and, to a lesser extent, animals and objects, offer literal illustrations of Dutch-language proverbs and idioms. , Windows only: Freeware program Avi2Dvd converts AVI video files to ISO files you can burn to DVD, VCD, or SVCD. Windows only: Freeware program Avi2Dvd converts AVI video files to I..., Idősebb Pieter Bruegel (eredetileg: Brueghel, kiejtése ⓘ) Breda, 1525? – Brüsszel, 1569. szeptember 9. [1]) a neves flamand festőcsalád első, legjelentősebb tagja, a 16. század legnagyszerűbb flamand festője. 1559 -ig Brueghelnek írta a nevét, később elhagyta a h-t, de a fiai megtartották az eredeti formát. , Title: The Alchemist. Artist: Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Netherlandish, Breda (?) ca. 1525–1569 Brussels) Artist: Philips Galle (Netherlandish, Haarlem 1537–1612 Antwerp) Publisher: Hieronymus Cock (Netherlandish, Antwerp ca. 1510–1570 Antwerp) Date: after 1558. Medium: Engraving; first state of three. Dimensions: sheet (irreg cut to plate ... , If the Flemish master Pieter Bruegel the Elder is an unfamiliar name, his work is instantly recognisable. Subscribe to our channel here: https://goo.gl/31Q53..., Pieter Bruegel the Elder was the most significant artist of Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting, a painter and printmaker, known for his landscapes and peasant scenes; he was a pioneer in making both types of subject the focus in large paintings. He was a formative influence on Dutch Golden Age painting and later painting in general in his ... , The Bruegel family played a major role in the history of Dutch art and also provided an insight into the lives of those in the middle ages. Pieter Bruegel the Elder and Younger were skilled artists who spearheaded the Bruegel family art dynasty which included several other additional members of their wealthy family who produced a long history of contributions to Dutch art, which is still very ..., Pieter Brueghel the Younger was born in Brussels around 1564/65 into an artistic dynasty. 1 Grandson of Pieter Coecke van Aelst (1502–50) on his mother’s side, and son of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (1525/30–69), Pieter the Younger may have first trained with his maternal grandmother, Mayken Verhulst (1518–1600), who was a painter in her own right., Pieter Bruegel’s Hunters in the Snow offers a bird’s eye view of a world locked in winter that is nevertheless teeming with life, with hunters and their dogs and ice skating peasants and a wheeling crow and the busied preparations for the cold weather. Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Hunters in the Snow (Winter), 1565, oil on wood, 162 x 117 cm ..., P. Bruegel (vyresnysis). Medžiotojai sniege / Žiema (aliejus, 1565, Meno istorijos muziejus Vienoje) Bruegel Pieter (Piteris Bregelis, vyresnysis), Brueghel, Breughel, vadintas Kaimiškuoju apie 1525 ar 1530 prie Bredos 1569 09 09 Briuselis, flamandų tapytojas, grafikas. J. Bruegelio vyresniojo, P. Bruegelio jaunesniojo tėvas., Pieter Bruegel, the Elder (born c. 1525, probably Breda, duchy of Brabant [now in the Netherlands]—died Sept. 5/9, 1569, Brussels [now in Belgium]) was the greatest Flemish painter of the 16th century, whose landscapes and vigorous, often witty scenes of peasant life are particularly renowned., Learn about the life and art of Pieter Bruegel the Elder, a Flemish artist and engraver of the Northern Renaissance. Explore his paintings, biography, influences, and style, such as his famous Landscape with the Fall of Icarus and his genre scenes of everyday life., Jan Brueghel (also Bruegel or Breughel) the Elder (/ ˈ b r ɔɪ ɡ əl /, also US: / ˈ b r uː ɡ əl /; Dutch: [ˈjɑn ˈbrøːɣəl] ⓘ; 1568 – 13 January 1625) was a Flemish painter and draughtsman.He was the son of the eminent Flemish Renaissance painter Pieter Bruegel the Elder.A close friend and frequent collaborator with Peter Paul Rubens, the two artists …